{"id":65,"date":"2023-07-27T09:18:35","date_gmt":"2023-07-27T09:18:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ancientmythology.org\/tr\/tanrilar-13\/"},"modified":"2023-07-27T09:18:35","modified_gmt":"2023-07-27T09:18:35","slug":"tanrilar-13","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ancientmythology.org\/tr\/tanrilar-13\/","title":{"rendered":"\u25b7 aztek tanrilari \u00bb ana tanr\u0131lar ve g\u00fc\u00e7ler"},"content":{"rendered":"

Aztek \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu , Orta Amerika’n\u0131n merkezi b\u00f6lgesinde<\/strong> , Meksika-Tenochtitl\u00e1n olarak bilinen b\u00f6lgede yerle\u015fmi\u015f bir medeniyetti.<\/p>\n

Azteklerin kendilerine g\u00f6re, kendilerine boyun e\u011fdiren bir krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 yendikten sonra Aztlan’dan<\/strong> g\u00f6\u00e7 ettiler. Resmi olarak ba\u015fkenti Tenochtitl\u00e1n<\/strong> 1325’te kuruldu. 1520’de Hern\u00e1n Cortez’in b\u00f6lgedeki di\u011fer \u015fehirlerin yard\u0131m\u0131yla Aztek ba\u015fkentini almas\u0131yla d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fc h\u0131zland\u0131<\/strong> .<\/p>\n

El Aztek tanr\u0131lar\u0131<\/h2>\n

Tlaloc, ya\u011fmur, deprem ve \u015fim\u015fek tanr\u0131s\u0131 <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Tl\u00e1loc\"
Tlaloc. Aztek Tanr\u0131lar\u0131. Wikimedia Commons’tan kamu mal\u0131 foto\u011fraf.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Bu tanr\u0131 en \u00f6nemlilerinden biriydi ve t\u00fcm Nahua halk\u0131n\u0131n benzer bir tanr\u0131s\u0131 vard\u0131<\/strong> . Tlaloc<\/a><\/strong> , ya\u011fmurun ve onunla ili\u015fkili t\u00fcm olaylar\u0131n tanr\u0131s\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu onun ikili bir tanr\u0131 oldu\u011fu ve ayn\u0131 zamanda ekinlerin b\u00fcy\u00fcy\u00fcp depremlere ve sellere neden olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in topra\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcbreleyebildi\u011fi<\/strong> anlam\u0131na gelir. Bu nedenle \u00f6fkesiyle y\u00fczle\u015fmemek i\u00e7in ona tapmak ve onu yat\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak gerekiyordu.<\/p>\n

sekiziziloptchli<\/a> <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Huitzilopotchli\"
Huitzilopochli. Kamu mal\u0131 foto\u011fraf. Wikimedia Commons.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

O , Tenochtitl\u00e1n’\u0131n koruyucu tanr\u0131s\u0131yd\u0131<\/strong> . Aztek halk\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131n\u0131, bu d\u00fc\u015fmanlardan biri olan kendi k\u0131z karde\u015fi Choyolxauhqui’yi<\/strong> yendi. Onu bir tepeden att\u0131 ve d\u00fc\u015ferken kendini par\u00e7alad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fl\u0131ca i\u015flevi sinek ku\u015fuyla ili\u015fkilendirilen sava\u015f tanr\u0131s\u0131<\/strong> i\u015fleviydi. Bu ku\u015fla s\u00fcslenmi\u015f bir mi\u011ffer tak\u0131yordu ve elinde ate\u015fli bir y\u0131lan<\/strong> vard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ya\u00f3tl veya Tezcatlipoca<\/a> : g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn ve yerin tanr\u0131s\u0131, ayn\u0131 zamanda ya\u015fam\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131. <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Tezcatlipoca\"
Tezcatlipoca. Wikimedia Commons’tan kamu mal\u0131 foto\u011fraf.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Aztek tanr\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n en \u00f6nemlilerinden biri. Zeki ve aldat\u0131c\u0131yd\u0131, b\u00fcy\u00fcc\u00fclerin tanr\u0131s\u0131yd\u0131<\/strong> . Ona bakan herkesi \u00f6ld\u00fcren, duman\u0131 t\u00fcten bir ayna<\/strong> ta\u015f\u0131yordu. Sonsuz gen\u00e7li\u011fe sahipti.<\/p>\n

\u015e\u00f6hret ve servet getirebilir<\/strong> ya da mutsuzlu\u011fa ve sefalete neden olabilir. Aztek mitlerinden<\/strong> birinde Quetzalcoatl’\u0131 kand\u0131r\u0131r,<\/strong> onu sarho\u015f eder ve k\u0131z karde\u015fiyle yatmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n

Bundan sonra tanr\u0131 tanr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 terk etti ve do\u011fuya do\u011fru yola \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Tonatiuh<\/a> : G\u00fcne\u015f tanr\u0131s\u0131 <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Tonatiuh\"
Tonatiuh. Wikimedia Commons’tan kamu mal\u0131 foto\u011fraf.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

D\u00fcnyay\u0131 yaratmaya y\u00f6nelik d\u00f6rt ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z giri\u015fimden sonra tanr\u0131lar\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 be\u015finci g\u00fcne\u015ftir<\/strong> . O, en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131yd\u0131 ve her \u015feye hayat veren g\u00fcne\u015fti. Aztek takviminin<\/strong> ortas\u0131nda bir y\u00fcz olarak tasvir edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Azteklere g\u00f6re her gece karanl\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 verdi\u011fi sava\u015f\u0131 kazanabilmesi i\u00e7in insan kalpleriyle beslenmesi<\/strong> gerekiyordu.<\/p>\n

Xipe T\u00f3tec<\/a> : Bolluk, sevgi ve zenginlik tanr\u0131s\u0131 <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Xipe
Xipe Totec. Katepanomegas’\u0131n foto\u011fraf\u0131. Wikimedia Commons.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Aztekler i\u00e7in mevsim de\u011fi\u015fiminin, k\u0131\u015ftan bahara ge\u00e7i\u015fin tanr\u0131s\u0131yd\u0131<\/strong> . Onun \u015ferefine esir sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n kurbanlar\u0131 kesildi.<\/p>\n

Onu derisi y\u00fcz\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f gen\u00e7 bir adam\u0131n derisine b\u00fcr\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f bir sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131<\/strong> olarak tasvir ediyorlar .<\/strong> Yenilenme, bolluk ve baz\u0131 hastal\u0131klar\u0131n iyile\u015fmesi ile ili\u015fkilendirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Quetzalcoatl<\/a> : Ya\u015fam ve bilgelik tanr\u0131s\u0131 <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Quetzalc\u00f3atl\"
El Aztek tanr\u0131lar\u0131. Quetzalcoatl. Eddo’nun foto\u011fraf\u0131. Wikimedia Commons. Mitologia.info bask\u0131s\u0131.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Aztek mitolojisi<\/a> i\u00e7in Quetzalcoatl’\u0131n \u00e7ifte \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 vard\u0131. T\u00fcyler onlar\u0131n ilahi niteliklerini temsil ediyordu ve bilgelik, yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f ve ya\u015famla<\/strong> ili\u015fkilendiriliyordu. Ancak y\u0131lan, tar\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6\u011freten ve yaz\u0131y\u0131 yaratan bir adam olarak onun d\u00fcnyevi y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc temsil eder.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130nsan\u0131n yarat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kutsal kemikleri aramak i\u00e7in<\/strong> Yeralt\u0131 D\u00fcnyas\u0131na giden<\/strong> oydu.<\/p>\n

tlaltecuhtli <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Tlaltecuhtli\"
Tlaltecuhtli. Wikimedia Commons’tan kamu mal\u0131 foto\u011fraf.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Bu, v\u00fccudu korkun\u00e7 di\u015flere sahip g\u00f6zlerle ve a\u011f\u0131zlarla kapl\u0131, yiyebildi\u011fi her \u015feyi yiyip bitiren canavarca bir y\u0131land\u0131<\/strong> .<\/p>\n

Tezcatlipoca<\/strong> ve Quetzalcoatl<\/strong> onu hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na u\u011fratt\u0131, onu feda ettiler ve bedeniyle d\u00fcnyay\u0131 yaratt\u0131lar. A\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 gidermek i\u00e7in Mictl\u00e1n<\/strong> veya Tlalocan’a<\/strong> gidebilsinler diye erkekleri yuttu.<\/p>\n

Mayahuel <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Mayahuel\"
Mayahuel. Wikimedia Commons’tan kamu mal\u0131 foto\u011fraf.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Maguey’den pulque elde etme s\u00fcrecini yaratan tanr\u0131\u00e7ayd\u0131<\/strong> . T\u00fcm \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 beslemek i\u00e7in 400 memesi vard\u0131 ve Maguey tarlalar\u0131nda yuva kazan bir hayvan olan bir tav\u015fanla birlikte tasvir edildi. Bu hayvan, bu tanr\u0131\u00e7an\u0131n ana \u00f6zelli\u011fi olan do\u011furganl\u0131kla<\/strong> ili\u015fkilendirildi.<\/p>\n

Meztli<\/a> <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Metzli\"
Metzli. Wikimedia Commons’tan kamu mal\u0131 foto\u011fraf.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Azteklerin Ay tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131na<\/strong> verdikleri isimdir. Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta ay\u0131n g\u00fcne\u015f gibi parlad\u0131\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131l\u0131yordu, bu y\u00fczden antik tanr\u0131lar onun y\u00fcz\u00fcne bir tav\u015fan f\u0131rlat\u0131p \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 karartt\u0131lar. g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr “noktalar” tav\u015fan\u0131 olu\u015fturacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

mictlantecuhtli<\/h3>\n

Aztekler i\u00e7in yeralt\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131 Mictl\u00e1n<\/strong> kuzeyde bulunuyordu ve bu tanr\u0131 orada \u00f6l\u00fclerin ruhlar\u0131na h\u00fckmediyordu. Yarasalar ve bayku\u015flar gibi ha\u015farat ve gece hayvanlar\u0131yla<\/strong> ili\u015fkilendirilirler.<\/p>\n

Omete\u00f3tl<\/a> : dualite tanr\u0131s\u0131 <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Ometeotl\"
Ometeotl. Brantz Mayer’in foto\u011fraf\u0131. Wikimedia Commons.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Bu tanr\u0131, Aztek k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc karakterize eden ikili d\u00fcnya g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc<\/strong> temsil ediyor. Erkek ve kad\u0131n vard\u0131, di\u011fer her \u015fey gibi: iyi ve k\u00f6t\u00fc<\/strong> , \u0131\u015f\u0131k ve karanl\u0131k<\/strong> , vb.<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer tanr\u0131lar\u0131 ve var olan her \u015feyin k\u00f6kenini yaratan oydu.<\/p>\n

Mictecacihuatl: \u00f6l\u00fcm tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131, Mictl\u00e1n Han\u0131m\u0131 ve Mictlantecuhtli’nin kar\u0131s\u0131 <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Mictecacihuatl\"
Mictecacihuatl. Wikimedia Commons’tan kamu mal\u0131 foto\u011fraf.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Yeralt\u0131 D\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n son seviyesi olan Mictl\u00e1n<\/strong> topraklar\u0131n\u0131n krali\u00e7esiydi. Quetzalcoatl’\u0131n insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaratmak i\u00e7in \u00e7ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kutsal kemiklerin sakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer buras\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Mictl\u00e1n sava\u015fta ya da do\u011fumda \u00f6lmeyenlerin ruhlar\u0131n\u0131n gitti\u011fi yerdi.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ometecuhtli ve Omecihuatl: yarat\u0131c\u0131 tanr\u0131lar <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Mictlantecuhtli\"
Mictlantecuhtli. Katepanomegas’\u0131n foto\u011fraf\u0131. Wikimedia Commons.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Bu tanr\u0131lar\u0131n her biri, erkek ve kad\u0131n olarak Ometeotl’un bir y\u00f6n\u00fcyd\u00fc<\/strong> . \u00c7ocukken t\u00fcm tanr\u0131lara sahip olan ilk \u00e7ift onlard\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca t\u00fcm cans\u0131z \u015feyleri de yaratt\u0131lar ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 da bunlar\u0131 daha sonra insan\u0131 yaratmak i\u00e7in kulland\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Xochipilli: a\u015fk, g\u00fczellik, dans ve zevk tanr\u0131s\u0131 <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Xochipilli\"
Xochipilli. Wikimedia Commons’tan kamu mal\u0131 foto\u011fraf.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Etraf\u0131 \u00e7i\u00e7eklerle \u00e7evrili, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir kalbi ve quetzal t\u00fcyleri olan gen\u00e7 bir adam<\/strong> olarak tasvir edilmi\u015ftir. Gen\u00e7 ve mutlu olan her \u015feyi, sabah g\u00fcne\u015fini, narin yapraklar\u0131 temsil eder. Ayr\u0131ca dans ve m\u00fczik.<\/p>\n

Kalpler, quetzal t\u00fcyleri ve \u00e7i\u00e7ekler bu tanr\u0131ya sunulan adaklard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ehecatl<\/a> : R\u00fczgar tanr\u0131s\u0131 <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Eh\u00e9catl\"
Ehecatl. Foto\u011fraf: Xjunajp\u00f9. Wikimedia Commons.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Bu Quetzalcoatl’\u0131n<\/strong> ikinci \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131yd\u0131. Bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle o, yerini ya\u011fmurlara b\u0131rakan r\u00fczgarlar\u0131n tanr\u0131s\u0131yd\u0131. Tlaloque’lar<\/strong> g\u00f6kten su ya\u011fd\u0131ran ya\u011fmur tanr\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n hizmetkarlar\u0131yd\u0131 ve Ehecatl bu g\u00f6reve \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck ediyordu.<\/p>\n

Xiuhtecuhtli: ate\u015f ve \u0131s\u0131 tanr\u0131s\u0131 <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Xiuhtecuhtli\"
Xiuhtecuhtli. Madman2001’in foto\u011fraf\u0131. Wikimedia Commons.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

O , evrenin merkezinde<\/strong> ya\u015far ve zaman\u0131n ge\u00e7i\u015fini ve evrensel d\u00f6ng\u00fcleri y\u00f6netir. Ate\u015f, Aztekler taraf\u0131ndan tanr\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan ilk elementti<\/strong> ve bu tanr\u0131 da onun ki\u015file\u015fmesiydi. Ayn\u0131 zamanda takvimi y\u00f6neten y\u0131l\u0131n efendisiydi<\/strong> .<\/p>\n

Chicomec\u00f3atl: bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Chicomecoatl\"
Chicomecoatl. Eddo’nun foto\u011fraf\u0131. Wikimedia Commons.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

O , hasad\u0131n tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r<\/strong> . Onun onuruna d\u00fczenlenen festival, m\u0131s\u0131r\u0131n hasada haz\u0131r oldu\u011fu haziran ve temmuz aylar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yap\u0131l\u0131yordu. O , tam olgunluktaki m\u0131s\u0131r ba\u015fa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ki\u015file\u015ftirilmi\u015f haliydi<\/strong> .<\/p>\n

Cihuac\u00f3atl: do\u011fum tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 ve doktorlar\u0131n ve ebelerin hamisi <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Cihuac\u00f3atl\"
Aztek Tanr\u0131lar\u0131. Cihuacoatl. Lauricdd’in foto\u011fraf\u0131. Wikimedia Commons.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Sava\u015f k\u0131yafetleri giymi\u015f bir kad\u0131n<\/strong> olarak tasvir edilmi\u015ftir. Aztekler i\u00e7in do\u011fum bir sava\u015f alan\u0131yd\u0131 ve bir kad\u0131n do\u011fum s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, sava\u015fta \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n gitti\u011fi yer alt\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczlemine giderdi.<\/p>\n

Huehuec\u00f3yotl: m\u00fczik tanr\u0131s\u0131 ve cinselli\u011fin koruyucusu <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Huehuecoyotl\"
Huehuecoyotl. Wikimedia Commons’tan kamu mal\u0131 foto\u011fraf.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Bu tanr\u0131 ya\u015fl\u0131 tilkidir<\/strong> . Hakk\u0131nda neredeyse hi\u00e7bir kay\u0131t bulunmayan esrarengiz bir tanr\u0131. Aldat\u0131c\u0131 ve kurnaz bir do\u011faya sahipti ve insanlar\u0131n \u00fclkesine m\u00fczik ve kutlama getirdi. Tezcatlipoca<\/strong> ile ad\u0131ndan s\u0131k\u00e7a s\u00f6z ettiriyor.<\/p>\n

Tlazolteotl: a\u015fk tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Tlazolteotl\"
Tlazolteotl. Wikimedia Commons’tan kamu mal\u0131 foto\u011fraf.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Ad\u0131 g\u00fcbre<\/strong> anlam\u0131na geliyordu ve hem israfla hem de do\u011furganl\u0131kla ili\u015fkilendiriliyordu. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla o, d\u00fcnyevi a\u015fk\u0131n, saf olmayan arzular\u0131n ve ayn\u0131 zamanda kurtulu\u015fun tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131yd\u0131. At\u0131klar\u0131 t\u00fcketen, ya\u015fam\u0131 ve sevgiyi<\/strong> yeniden canland\u0131ran odur.<\/p>\n

oksomoko <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Oxomoco\"
Oxomoco. Wikimedia Commons’tan kamu mal\u0131 foto\u011fraf.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Aztek mitolojisine g\u00f6re ilk kad\u0131n Oxomoco<\/strong> , ilk erkek olan Cipactonal’d\u0131<\/strong> . Bu ilkel \u00e7iftin tahmin yapma konusunda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir yetene\u011fi vard\u0131 ve bu y\u00fczden takvimi olu\u015fturdular.<\/p>\n

Astronomik d\u00f6ng\u00fcler yoluyla zaman\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcyle yak\u0131ndan ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olan geceyi<\/strong> temsil eder.<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer Aztek tanr\u0131lar\u0131<\/h2>\n

Ahuiateteo<\/h3>\n

Zevkler ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131l\u0131klarla ili\u015fkilendirilen bir grup<\/strong> tanr\u0131d\u0131r. Genellikle \u00f6l\u00fcmden sonra sava\u015f alanlar\u0131nda dola\u015fan kadavra sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131na benziyorlar.<\/p>\n

Itzpapalotl <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Itzpapalotl\"
Itzpapalotl. Wikimedia Commons’tan kamu mal\u0131 foto\u011fraf.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Onun g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc obsidyen kelebek kanatlar\u0131 olan bir kad\u0131na<\/strong> benziyordu. Sihir ve b\u00fcy\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fckte ustala\u015fm\u0131\u015f bilge ve ya\u015fl\u0131 kad\u0131nlar\u0131 temsil eder.<\/p>\n

Citlalicue<\/h3>\n

Ad\u0131 , y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131n yoklu\u011fu<\/strong> anlam\u0131na gelir ve hem t\u00fcm y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131n yarat\u0131c\u0131 tanr\u0131s\u0131n\u0131, hem de ilkinin farkl\u0131 y\u00f6nlerinden bir dizi tanr\u0131y\u0131 temsil eder.<\/p>\n

sinemat\u00e9o<\/h3>\n

D\u00f6rt tanr\u0131dan olu\u015fan bir gruptu:<\/strong><\/p>\n