{"id":50,"date":"2023-07-27T22:48:42","date_gmt":"2023-07-27T22:48:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ancientmythology.org\/tr\/roma\/"},"modified":"2023-07-27T22:48:42","modified_gmt":"2023-07-27T22:48:42","slug":"roma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ancientmythology.org\/tr\/roma\/","title":{"rendered":"Roma mitolojisi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Roma halk\u0131 evrensel tarihin en b\u00fcy\u00fck fig\u00fcrlerinden biridir. Gelene\u011fe g\u00f6re Roma \u015fehri M.\u00d6. 753 y\u0131l\u0131nda kurulmu\u015ftur. M.\u00d6.<\/strong> ve bir kral taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netiliyordu: Siyasi bir anla\u015fmazl\u0131k nedeniyle karde\u015fi Remus’u<\/strong> \u00f6ld\u00fcren Romulus<\/strong> .<\/p>\n

Roma’n\u0131n bu erken d\u00f6nemi, \u015fehir devletinin bir kral taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilmeyi b\u0131rak\u0131p cumhuriyet haline geldi\u011fi M\u00d6 6. y\u00fczy\u0131la<\/strong> kadar efsanelerle \u00f6rt\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu d\u00f6nemde Roma Cumhuriyeti’nin<\/strong> M\u00d6 31’e kadar s\u00fcrecek b\u00fcy\u00fck an\u0131tsal y\u00fckseli\u015fi yarat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/strong> Julius Caesar, monar\u015fi kurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ilk Romal\u0131 generaldi, ancak suikasta kurban gitti ve Octavianus’un Roma’n\u0131n ilk imparatoru Sezar Augustus olarak<\/strong> ta\u00e7 giymesiyle sonu\u00e7lanan bir dizi i\u00e7 sava\u015fa neden oldu.<\/p>\n

Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu<\/strong> , imparatorlu\u011fun Do\u011fu ve Bat\u0131 olarak b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesinin ard\u0131ndan son Bat\u0131 imparatorunun d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 476 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrecekti.<\/strong> Do\u011fu Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu, Orta\u00e7a\u011f’\u0131n eksenlerinden biri olarak bin y\u0131l daha varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrecekti.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bizans<\/strong> olarak da bilinen Do\u011fu Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu, 1453’te sonunda Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’na<\/strong> yenik d\u00fc\u015fecekti. Ba\u015fkenti Konstantinopolis’in<\/strong> Osmanl\u0131lar\u0131n eline ge\u00e7mesi ve ya\u011fmalanmas\u0131, Avrupa’n\u0131n T\u00fcrk i\u015fgalini ve geleneksel d\u00f6nemlendirmeye g\u00f6re modern \u00e7a\u011fa<\/strong> ge\u00e7i\u015fi ba\u015flatt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Roma mitolojisinin k\u00f6keni <\/h2>\n
\n
\"Templos
Roma tap\u0131naklar\u0131. Resim djedj taraf\u0131ndan Pixabay’da.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Roma k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc her zaman \u00e7ok esnek ve pragmatik olmu\u015ftur<\/strong> . Romal\u0131lar\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde fethedilen k\u00fclt\u00fcrleri asimile etme, boyun e\u011fdirilen halklar\u0131 yava\u015f yava\u015f haklara sahip vatanda\u015flara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrme yeteneklerinden kaynaklan\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

Daha sonra Roma’n\u0131n yerle\u015fece\u011fi topraklarda ya\u015fayan Latin kabileleri<\/strong> , inan\u00e7 ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerinden<\/strong> \u00e7ok az iz b\u0131rakt\u0131lar. Roma k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnde kaydedilen ilk tanr\u0131lar, b\u00f6lgeyi h\u00e2l\u00e2 bir \u015fehir devletiyken istila eden Etr\u00fcsklerden geliyor.<\/p>\n

Daha sonra Romal\u0131lar, Yunanistan’daki<\/strong> tanr\u0131lar\u0131 kendi panteonlar\u0131na dahil ettiler, onlar\u0131 yeniden yorumlad\u0131lar ve Latince isimler vererek kendi tanr\u0131lar\u0131yla paralellikler yaratt\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Kelt topraklar\u0131n\u0131 fethettikleri \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde, bu tanr\u0131lar\u0131 da kendi panteonlar\u0131na dahil ettiler ve zaten Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu<\/strong> a\u015famas\u0131nda, a\u015fk\u0131nl\u0131k inanc\u0131n\u0131 sonsuz hayata dahil eden Orta Do\u011fu’dan<\/strong> gelen k\u00fcltleri de dahil ettiler.<\/p>\n

Helenizm,<\/strong> Roma inan\u00e7lar\u0131 i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ilham kayna\u011f\u0131 olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, Yunanl\u0131lar \u00e7ok daha felsefi bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na sahip olduklar\u0131ndan, Romal\u0131lar ise militarist k\u00fclt\u00fcr-yay\u0131lmac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n temeli olarak dini kulland\u0131klar\u0131ndan, onlar\u0131n d\u00fcnya g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri \u00e7ok farkl\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Roma mitolojisinin \u00f6zellikleri <\/h2>\n
\n
\"La
Roma mitolojisinin inan\u00e7lar\u0131. Resim Angelika taraf\u0131ndan Pixabay’da.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Romal\u0131lar \u00e7ok tanr\u0131l\u0131 inan\u00e7lara<\/strong> sahiptiler, bu nedenle her zaman J\u00fcpiter’in<\/strong> bask\u0131n fig\u00fcr olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u00e7e\u015fitli tanr\u0131lara tap\u0131yorlard\u0131. Bu, genellikle \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc gruplar<\/strong> halinde gruplanan di\u011fer k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck tanr\u0131lara \u00fcst\u00fcn gelir.<\/p>\n

Romal\u0131lar\u0131n tanr\u0131lara tap\u0131nmas\u0131 iki alana ayr\u0131l\u0131yordu: kamusal ve \u00f6zel<\/strong> . Kamusal tap\u0131nma, bildi\u011fimiz t\u00fcm tanr\u0131lar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen ve bir rahipler s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilen ibadetti. \u00d6zel alanda<\/strong> tan\u0131d\u0131k ruhlara ev i\u00e7i t\u00f6renlere g\u00f6re sayg\u0131 g\u00f6sterilirdi.<\/p>\n

El Roma tanr\u0131lar\u0131<\/h2>\n

Erken Roma tanr\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ana \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcs\u00fc<\/strong> J\u00fcpiter, Mars ve Quirinus’tu<\/strong> . Bu \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc Romal\u0131lar i\u00e7in en \u00f6nemli y\u00f6nleri y\u00f6netiyordu: hukuki, askeri ve ahlaki<\/strong> . Daha sonra ana \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc, hukuk, do\u011furganl\u0131k ve bilgelik<\/strong> alanlar\u0131n\u0131 elinde bulunduran J\u00fcpiter, Juno ve Minerva<\/strong> olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

J\u00fcpiter: G\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn Tanr\u0131s\u0131 <\/h3>\n
\n
\"J\u00fapiter
J\u00fcpiter Roma tanr\u0131s\u0131. Resim Gordon Johnson taraf\u0131ndan Pixabay’da.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

J\u00fcpiter<\/a><\/strong> astronomik olaylar\u0131n tanr\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r<\/strong> . Her zaman en \u00f6nemli olan ve Roma’n\u0131n geni\u015flemesiyle giderek daha fazla \u00f6nem kazanacak olan Etr\u00fcsk k\u00f6kenli bir tanr\u0131d\u0131r. O , yasalar\u0131n ve devletin koruyucusuydu ve hasad\u0131 destekliyordu<\/strong> .<\/p>\n

Juno: Tanr\u0131lar\u0131n Krali\u00e7esi <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Juno
Juno Roma tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131. Resim Clker-Free-Vector-Images taraf\u0131ndan Pixabay’a y\u00fcklendi.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Juno<\/a> , Roma mitolojisinde J\u00fcpiter’in kar\u0131s\u0131yd\u0131<\/strong> . Bir Romal\u0131 kad\u0131n vatanda\u015f\u0131n sahip olmas\u0131 gereken t\u00fcm kad\u0131ns\u0131 nitelikleri temsil ediyor ve evlilik birli\u011fini kutsuyor.<\/p>\n

Sat\u00fcrn: Zaman Tanr\u0131s\u0131 <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Saturno\"
Sat\u00fcrn. Foto\u011fraf: Jl FilpoC. Wikimedia Commons.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Yunanca kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 Chronos’tu<\/a><\/strong> . O, uygarla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bir tanr\u0131yd\u0131 ve t\u00fcm tanr\u0131lar\u0131n babas\u0131yd\u0131. Sat\u00fcrn,<\/strong> Latinlere takvimin kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ve onlar\u0131 zenginle\u015ftiren tar\u0131m tekniklerini \u00f6\u011fretti.<\/p>\n

Nept\u00fcn<\/a> : Denizlerin tanr\u0131s\u0131 <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Neptuno\"
Nept\u00fcn. Resim 2541163 taraf\u0131ndan Pixabay’a y\u00fcklendi.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

O , suyun ve s\u0131v\u0131 olan her \u015feyin tanr\u0131s\u0131yd\u0131<\/strong> . Daha sonra Yunan deniz tanr\u0131s\u0131 Poseidon<\/a><\/strong> ile e\u015fitlendi.<\/p>\n

Pl\u00fcton: Yeralt\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n tanr\u0131s\u0131 <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Plut\u00f3n\"
Pl\u00fcton. Jebulon’un foto\u011fraf\u0131. Wikimedia Commons.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Pl\u00fcton<\/a><\/strong> , Hades’e<\/strong> e\u015fde\u011fer olarak yeralt\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131yd\u0131<\/strong> . \u0130yi bir Romal\u0131n\u0131n kanunlar\u0131ndan ve ahlaki de\u011ferlerinden sapanlar\u0131n t\u00fcm ruhlar\u0131na h\u00fckmetti.<\/p>\n

Ven\u00fcs<\/a> : A\u015fk ve g\u00fczellik tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Venus\"
Ven\u00fcs. Kamu mal\u0131 foto\u011fraf Wikimedia Commons.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Afrodit<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan be\u011fenildikten sonra g\u00fczellik, romantik a\u015fk ve cinsellik ile ili\u015fkilendirilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Minerva<\/a> : Bilgelik Tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Minerva
Roma mitolojisinin tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 Minerva. Resim Ina Hall taraf\u0131ndan Pixabay’da.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

K\u0131sa s\u00fcrede mi\u011ffer, k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 ve g\u00f6z ba\u011f\u0131yla tasvir edildi\u011fi Athena<\/strong> ile e\u015fle\u015ftirildi. Doktorlar\u0131n, zanaatkarlar\u0131n tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131yd\u0131 ve bilgeli\u011fi koruyordu.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mars: sava\u015f tanr\u0131s\u0131 <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Marte
mars roma tanr\u0131s\u0131 Foto\u011fraf: QuartierLatin1968. Wikimedia Commons.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Gen\u00e7 Romal\u0131lar baharda sava\u015fa y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcler, bu y\u00fczden o sadece silahl\u0131 sava\u015f\u0131n tanr\u0131s\u0131<\/strong> de\u011fildi, ayn\u0131 zamanda gen\u00e7lik ve baharla da ili\u015fkilendiriliyordu.<\/p>\n

Merk\u00fcr<\/a> : Tanr\u0131lar\u0131n El\u00e7isi <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Mercurio\"
Merk\u00fcr. Resim NakNakNak taraf\u0131ndan Pixabay’a y\u00fcklendi.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Pazar ve emtia<\/strong> gibi terimler onun ad\u0131ndan gelir ve t\u00fcccarlar\u0131n koruyucu tanr\u0131s\u0131yd\u0131. Tanr\u0131lar\u0131n el\u00e7isi Hermes’e<\/a><\/strong> sevilir.<\/p>\n

Apollon<\/a> : G\u00fcne\u015f tanr\u0131s\u0131 <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Apolo\"
Apollon. Foto\u011fraf: DIEGO73. Wikimedia Commons.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

\u015eenlikli ve feminist bir karaktere sahip bir tanr\u0131yd\u0131 ama ayn\u0131 zamanda onu g\u00fcne\u015fe ba\u011flayan<\/strong> m\u00fcthi\u015f bir \u00f6fkenin de sahibiydi. \u015eairlere ve m\u00fczisyenlere ilham kayna\u011f\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n

Diana<\/a> : av tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Diana\"
Diane. Wikimedia Commons’tan kamu mal\u0131 foto\u011fraf.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte \u0130talik kabileler onu vah\u015fi hayvanlarla<\/strong> ili\u015fkilendirdiler. Daha sonra av tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 olarak Artemisia<\/strong> ile e\u015fitlendi.<\/p>\n

Ceres: Tar\u0131m ve aile sevgisi tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Ceres\"
Ceres. Foto\u011fraf: \u00d3scar Mar\u00edn Repoller. Wikimedia Commons.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Mahsulleri koruyordu<\/strong> ve ev i\u015flerini y\u00f6netiyordu, bu y\u00fczden kad\u0131ns\u0131 alanla ili\u015fkilendiriliyordu.<\/p>\n

Bak\u00fcs <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Baco\"
Bak\u00fcs. Resim: WikimediaImages taraf\u0131ndan Pixabay’da.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Bacchus<\/a><\/strong> \u015farap ve dans tanr\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r<\/strong> . Onu karakterize eden ayn\u0131 sefahat nedeniyle her zaman bir kadeh \u015farap ve \u00fcz\u00fcmle temsil edilir. Ayr\u0131ca farkl\u0131 sanatsal ifadelerde de g\u00f6r\u00fclebilmektedir. Yunan mitolojisinde Dionysos<\/strong> olarak bilinir.<\/p>\n

Vesta: Ev ve sadakat tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Vesta\"
Vesta. Foto\u011fraf: Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin FRCP. Wikimedia Commons.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Roma d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n en kutsal kurumu olan aile ate\u015fini ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla aileyi koruyan<\/strong> iffetli tanr\u0131\u00e7a.<\/p>\n

Fortuna: Roma \u015fans tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Fortuna
Roma tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 servet. Resim Jo Justino taraf\u0131ndan Pixabay’da.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

O, insanlar\u0131n hayatlar\u0131n\u0131 kendi kaprislerine g\u00f6re y\u00f6neten, karars\u0131z bir do\u011faya sahip bir tanr\u0131\u00e7ayd\u0131. Her zaman bir mi\u011ffer ya da bereket<\/strong> takard\u0131.<\/p>\n

a\u015fk tanr\u0131s\u0131<\/a> <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Cupido\"
A\u015fk tanr\u0131s\u0131. Avusturyacus’un foto\u011fraf\u0131. Wikimedia Commons.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Gereksiz a\u015fk\u0131 temsil eder, bu y\u00fczden \u00e7apk\u0131nlar\u0131n tanr\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r<\/strong> ve g\u00f6zleri ba\u011fl\u0131 bir melek, yay ve sadak olarak tasvir edilir.<\/p>\n

Proserpina <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Proserpina\"
Proserpina. Foto\u011fraf: Eduard Trewendt, Wikimedia Commons.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Yunan Persephone<\/strong> ile ili\u015fkilendirilen ve Sat\u00fcrn<\/strong> ile yeralt\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n krali\u00e7esi haline gelen Latin kabilelerinin \u00e7ok eski bir tanr\u0131s\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Roma tanr\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcrleri<\/h2>\n

\u0130\u015fte Roma tanr\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n<\/strong><\/a> t\u00fcrlerini i\u00e7eren bir liste:<\/p>\n