{"id":161,"date":"2023-07-23T12:59:21","date_gmt":"2023-07-23T12:59:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ancientmythology.org\/tr\/quetzalcoatl-hayat-tanrisi\/"},"modified":"2023-07-23T12:59:21","modified_gmt":"2023-07-23T12:59:21","slug":"quetzalcoatl-hayat-tanrisi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ancientmythology.org\/tr\/quetzalcoatl-hayat-tanrisi\/","title":{"rendered":"Quetzalcoatl: i\u0307nsanlar\u0131 yaratan uygarla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 tanr\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Quetzalcoatl, Orta Amerika panteonlar\u0131ndaki<\/strong> en eski tanr\u0131lardan biridir. Onun ad\u0131,Olmecler<\/a><\/strong> kadar uzak halklar da dahil olmak \u00fczere, bu k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerin bir\u00e7ok efsanesinde ge\u00e7mektedir<\/strong> .<\/p>\n

O, \u00f6ncelikle ilk insanlara m\u0131s\u0131r yeti\u015ftirmeyi \u00f6\u011freten, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck hayvan kurbanlar\u0131n\u0131 insan kan\u0131na tercih eden ve insanlar i\u00e7in ate\u015fi \u00e7alan<\/strong> uygarla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bir tanr\u0131yd\u0131<\/strong> . Ama her \u015feyden \u00f6nce o, ilahi olanla d\u00fcnyevi olan aras\u0131nda bir k\u00f6pr\u00fcyd\u00fc ve \u00f6\u011frencilerine \u00f6\u011fretti\u011fi doktrinleri uygulayan manevi bir rehberdi.<\/p>\n

Aztekler i\u00e7in Quetzalcoatl kimdi? <\/h2>\n
\n
\"Quetzalcoatl\"
Resim Lela Cargill taraf\u0131ndan Pixabay’da.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Orta Amerika’da incelenen farkl\u0131 kaynaklara g\u00f6re Quetzalcoatl, insanlar\u0131 yaratan tanr\u0131yd\u0131<\/strong> . D\u00fcnyada yaln\u0131zca bitkiler, hayvanlar ve cans\u0131z nesneler varken, Mictl\u00e1n’a<\/strong> inen, siyah bir kar\u0131ncaya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen ve Mictecac\u00edhuatl’\u0131n<\/strong> dikkatinden ka\u00e7mak i\u00e7in ka\u00e7an T\u00fcyl\u00fc Y\u0131lan’d\u0131<\/strong> . Ruhu ve bilinci olan varl\u0131klar\u0131 bu \u015fekilde yarat\u0131yorum.<\/p>\n

Daha sonra insanlar aras\u0131nda ya\u015fad\u0131, onlar\u0131 y\u00f6netti ve onlara insanlar\u0131 feda etmeden, sadece ku\u015flar\u0131, kelebekleri ve y\u0131lanlar\u0131 kullanarak ibadet etmeyi \u00f6\u011fretti.<\/p>\n

Quetzalcoatl nerede ya\u015f\u0131yordu? <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Pir\u00e1mides
Chich\u00e9n Itz\u00e1 Piramitleri. Resim Viktor taraf\u0131ndan Pixabay’da.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Daha \u00f6nce de belirtildi\u011fi gibi Quetzalcoatl, Aztek \u00f6ncesi bir tanr\u0131d\u0131r<\/strong> . Bu tanr\u0131n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131 Tolteklerin<\/a><\/strong> ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Tollan (\u015fimdiki Tula)<\/strong> kasabas\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir. Bu \u015fehir, askeri geni\u015flemeye ba\u015flad\u0131klar\u0131nda onlar\u0131 asimile eden Aztekler taraf\u0131ndan geni\u015f \u00e7apta referans al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Mitolojiye g\u00f6re tanr\u0131, insanlar\u0131 yarat\u0131p onlara \u00e7ift\u00e7ilik yapmay\u0131, giyinmeyi ve ev in\u015fa etmeyi \u00f6\u011frettikten sonra Tulla’ya<\/strong> yerle\u015fti. Burada ba\u015frahip olarak g\u00f6rev yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Orta Amerika k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerinin kay\u0131tlar\u0131, ilahi olandaki en y\u00fcksek otorite olarak hiyerar\u015filerini belirten bir t\u00fcr unvan olarak Quetzalcoatl<\/strong> ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan \u00e7ok say\u0131da rahibi kaydeder.<\/p>\n

Quetzalcoatl neden Tulla \u00fclkesini terk etmek zorunda kald\u0131?<\/h2>\n

Quetzalcoatl, di\u011fer \u015feylerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, Azteklerin Tolteklere kar\u015f\u0131 kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaferin<\/strong> de bir temsiliydi. Bu tanr\u0131n\u0131n ilan etti\u011fi \u00fc\u00e7 kutsal unsur vard\u0131: inziva, oru\u00e7 ve bekarl\u0131k<\/strong> . Bunlar ayn\u0131 zamanda tarikat\u0131n rahibi olman\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 \u015fart\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Efsaneye g\u00f6re Quetzalcoatl bilge ve bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l bir tanr\u0131yd\u0131; iyili\u011fi b\u00fcy\u00fck ama \u00e7irkinli\u011fi \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fc. Uzun sakall\u0131 (bu k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerde nadir g\u00f6r\u00fclen bir \u00f6zellik) ve ona bakmay\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131ran y\u00fcz hatlar\u0131na sahip bir adam<\/strong> olarak tan\u0131mland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu \u00e7irkinlik nedeniyle kendisine, oru\u00e7 tuttu\u011fu ve asla kendini g\u00f6stermedi\u011fi kutsal bir kapal\u0131 alanda g\u00f6zlerden uzak ya\u015famas\u0131 s\u00f6ylendi. <\/p>\n

\n
\"Tezcatlipoca\"
Tezcatlipoca. Wikimedia Commons’tan kamu mal\u0131 foto\u011fraf.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Aldatma ve b\u00fcy\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fck tanr\u0131s\u0131 Tezcatlipoca<\/a><\/strong> , takip\u00e7ilerini o kadar \u00e7ok seven Quetzalcoatl’\u0131n \u00f6\u011fretilerinden ho\u015fnutsuzdu ve hi\u00e7bir insan\u0131n kurban edilmemesini, bunun yerine ku\u015flar\u0131n, kelebeklerin ve y\u0131lanlar\u0131n bu ama\u00e7la kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 talep etti. yer. Tezcatlipoca daha sonra bunu uygulamaya karar verdi.<\/p>\n

Quetzalcoatl’a yakla\u015ft\u0131 ve onu, \u00e7irkinli\u011fini geride b\u0131rakabilmek i\u00e7in Tilan Tlapallan’\u0131 (ebedi gen\u00e7li\u011fin \u00e7e\u015fmesi)<\/strong> ziyaret etmeye ikna etti. Bu noktada tanr\u0131 kendini be\u011fenmi\u015fli\u011fine teslim oldu ve Tezcatlipoca ile b\u00fcy\u00fcc\u00fclerinin<\/strong> pe\u015fine d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Oraya gittiler ve orada Quetzalcoatl pulque i\u00e7meye ikna oldu ve onunla sarho\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n

Kibirden inzivas\u0131n\u0131 terk eden ve hedonizmden dolay\u0131 orucunu bozan tanr\u0131, \u00e7irkinli\u011fini gizlemek i\u00e7in bir maske yapm\u0131\u015f ve sakal\u0131n\u0131 quetzal t\u00fcyleriyle gizlemi\u015ftir. Onu bu \u015fekilde bir kad\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne koydular (baz\u0131 hikayelerde k\u0131z karde\u015fiydi) ve \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc yeminini bozdurdular: bekarl\u0131k.<\/p>\n

Quetzalcoatl neden tanr\u0131 olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131? <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Serpiente
T\u00fcyl\u00fc y\u0131lan. Diegograndi’nin foto\u011fraf\u0131. Envato.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Quetzalc\u00f3atl ad\u0131 T\u00fcyl\u00fc Y\u0131lan<\/strong> anlam\u0131na gelir; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc quetzal<\/em><\/strong> , Nahua<\/strong> dilinde bu ad\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan ku\u015fun renkli ve yanard\u00f6ner kuyruk t\u00fcylerini ifade eder ve c\u00f3atl<\/em><\/strong> ayn\u0131 dilde “y\u0131lan” anlam\u0131na gelir. Bu kombinasyon, d\u00fcnyevi (y\u0131lan) ve g\u00f6ksel (quetzal) aras\u0131ndaki ikili\u011fi temsil eder.<\/p>\n

Tanr\u0131 d\u00fcnyevi insan\u0131n zay\u0131fl\u0131klar\u0131na d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde kendini onursuz hisseder ve bu hatadan sonra art\u0131k felsefesini vaaz edemeyece\u011fini bilir. B\u00f6ylece s\u0131radan bir insan gibi dola\u015fmak i\u00e7in tanr\u0131sall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 terk eder.<\/p>\n

Quetzalcoatl nas\u0131l \u00f6ld\u00fc?<\/h2>\n

Hac yolculu\u011funa ba\u015flad\u0131ktan sonra Quetzalcoatl , Tulla kral\u0131 Hu\u00e9mac<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan kovaland\u0131. Ancak bu kral, tanr\u0131n\u0131n \u015fehri terk etmesiyle hemen hemen ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00f6ld\u00fc; bu , Azteklerin<\/a> , tanr\u0131lar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan terk edildiklerinde Tolteklere kar\u015f\u0131 kazand\u0131klar\u0131 zaferin bir metaforu<\/strong> olarak yorumlan\u0131yor. Toltek tanr\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n u\u00e7u\u015funu h\u0131zland\u0131ran Tezcatlipoca’n\u0131n ana Aztek tanr\u0131lar\u0131ndan biri oldu\u011funu unutmay\u0131n.<\/p>\n

Quetzalcoatl, hac yolculu\u011fu s\u0131ras\u0131nda do\u011fuda oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenen Siyahlar ve K\u0131z\u0131llar \u00dclkesi’ne<\/strong> giderken \u00e7e\u015fitli kasabalardan ge\u00e7er.<\/p>\n

Yolculu\u011fu s\u0131ras\u0131nda bir nehrin \u00fczerine bir k\u00f6pr\u00fc ( ilahi olanla d\u00fcnyevi olan aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011flant\u0131<\/strong> ) in\u015fa etti, ilk top sahas\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> (tanr\u0131larla insanlar\u0131n tart\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer) in\u015fa etti, etraf\u0131ndakilerin \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6rd\u00fc ( d\u00fcnyan\u0131n yaln\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlad\u0131) \u00f6l\u00fcm<\/strong> ). Bir kez daha Tezcatlipoca b\u00fcy\u00fcc\u00fcleri taraf\u0131ndan pulque i\u00e7meye ayart\u0131ld\u0131 ve onlara t\u00fcm maddi zenginli\u011fini verdi ( insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul etti ve kendisini d\u00fcnyevi ba\u011flardan kurtard\u0131<\/strong> ).<\/p>\n

Yolculu\u011funun sonunda Atlantik k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131na vard\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Aztek takvimine g\u00f6re Ce Acatl<\/strong> y\u0131l\u0131nda geri d\u00f6nece\u011fini tahmin etti\u011fi s\u00f6ylenir. Hemen kendini feda etti, Mictl\u00e1n’a indi ve ard\u0131ndan Sabah Y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131<\/strong> olmak i\u00e7in cennete y\u00fckseldi.<\/p>\n

Quetzalcoatl ve Hern\u00e1n Cortez efsanesi<\/h2>\n

\u0130nsanlar\u0131n hayal g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc harekete ge\u00e7iren bilgi , Hern\u00e1n Cortez’in Meksika k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131na ayak bast\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihte Quetzalcoatl’\u0131n geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc<\/strong> … Ger\u00e7ek mi efsane mi? Pek \u00e7ok tarih\u00e7i bunu \u015fiddetle inkar ediyor, bir\u00e7o\u011fu ise do\u011frulu\u011funu kan\u0131tlamak i\u00e7in fetihle ilgili \u0130spanyol kay\u0131tlar\u0131na g\u00fcveniyor.<\/p>\n

Kesin olan \u015fey, \u0130spanyol \u00e7\u0131karma y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Quetzalcoatl’\u0131n tahminiyle<\/strong> \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve Moctezuma’n\u0131n Atlantik k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda beyaz sakall\u0131 bir adamla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kafa kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 destekleyen bir\u00e7ok belgenin oldu\u011fu. Muhtemelen hi\u00e7bir zaman tam olarak bilinemeyecek, ancak hi\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesiz Orta Amerika’n\u0131n tarihini zenginle\u015ftiren bir ba\u015fka efsanevi unsurdur.<\/p>\n

kaynak\u00e7a<\/h2>\n

B\u0130YOGRAF\u0130 VE QUETZALC\u00d3ATL M\u0130T\u0130, Margarita Palacios de S\u00e1mano<\/em><\/p>\n

MEKS\u0130KA KOD\u0130KSLER\u0130NDE MAGUEY VE PULQUE, Oswaldo Mart\u00ednez de Lima<\/em><\/p>\n

VERACRUZ’UN MERKEZ\u0130NDEK\u0130 EH\u00c9CATL-QUETZALC\u00d3ATL \u0130LAH\u0130S\u0130, Alfonzo Medell\u00edn Zenil<\/em><\/p>\n

NAHUA K\u00d6KLER\u0130N\u0130N ESASI, Jos\u00e9 D\u00e1vil Garibi<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Quetzalcoatl, Orta Amerika panteonlar\u0131ndaki en eski tanr\u0131lardan biridir. Onun ad\u0131,Olmecler kadar uzak halklar da dahil olmak \u00fczere, bu k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerin bir\u00e7ok efsanesinde ge\u00e7mektedir . O, \u00f6ncelikle ilk insanlara m\u0131s\u0131r yeti\u015ftirmeyi \u00f6\u011freten, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck hayvan kurbanlar\u0131n\u0131 insan kan\u0131na tercih eden ve insanlar i\u00e7in ate\u015fi \u00e7alan uygarla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bir tanr\u0131yd\u0131 . Ama her \u015feyden \u00f6nce o, ilahi olanla d\u00fcnyevi olan […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-161","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-toltek-tanrilari"],"yoast_head":"\nQuetzalcoatl: \u0130nsanlar\u0131 yaratan uygarla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 tanr\u0131 - Antik Mitoloji<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ancientmythology.org\/tr\/quetzalcoatl-hayat-tanrisi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Quetzalcoatl: \u0130nsanlar\u0131 yaratan uygarla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 tanr\u0131 - Antik Mitoloji\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Quetzalcoatl, Orta Amerika panteonlar\u0131ndaki en eski tanr\u0131lardan biridir. Onun ad\u0131,Olmecler kadar uzak halklar da dahil olmak \u00fczere, bu k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerin bir\u00e7ok efsanesinde ge\u00e7mektedir . O, \u00f6ncelikle ilk insanlara m\u0131s\u0131r yeti\u015ftirmeyi \u00f6\u011freten, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck hayvan kurbanlar\u0131n\u0131 insan kan\u0131na tercih eden ve insanlar i\u00e7in ate\u015fi \u00e7alan uygarla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bir tanr\u0131yd\u0131 . Ama her \u015feyden \u00f6nce o, ilahi olanla d\u00fcnyevi olan […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/ancientmythology.org\/tr\/quetzalcoatl-hayat-tanrisi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Ancient Mythology\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-07-23T12:59:21+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/ancientmythology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Quetzalcoatl.webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Edit\u00f6r ekibi\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Yazan:\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Edit\u00f6r ekibi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 dakika\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ancientmythology.org\/tr\/quetzalcoatl-hayat-tanrisi\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ancientmythology.org\/tr\/quetzalcoatl-hayat-tanrisi\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Edit\u00f6r ekibi\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ancientmythology.org\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/2da228f8806ff7a083623f70c88844ea\"},\"headline\":\"Quetzalcoatl: i\u0307nsanlar\u0131 yaratan uygarla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 tanr\u0131\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-23T12:59:21+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-23T12:59:21+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ancientmythology.org\/tr\/quetzalcoatl-hayat-tanrisi\/\"},\"wordCount\":1131,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ancientmythology.org\/tr\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"Toltek tanr\u0131lar\u0131\"],\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/ancientmythology.org\/tr\/quetzalcoatl-hayat-tanrisi\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ancientmythology.org\/tr\/quetzalcoatl-hayat-tanrisi\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/ancientmythology.org\/tr\/quetzalcoatl-hayat-tanrisi\/\",\"name\":\"Quetzalcoatl: \u0130nsanlar\u0131 yaratan uygarla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 tanr\u0131 - 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